(SMITH) William Holt of Colonial Williamsburg

***NOTE: I have NOT verified this line. Descent from William Holt is based on information others have posted on familysearch.org/tree***



One of my husband's 6th great grandfathers is William Holt, from Virginia, who lived from 1737-1791. (I wrote about one of William's runaway slaves previously, here.)

The most interesting thing about William Holt is that he is one of the characters portrayed at Colonial Williamsburg. So if you're ever in Virginia, stop in and say hi!

William was a local merchant. He owned a store and a mill. He also imported slaves to sell, and posted newspaper ads in the Virginia Gazette to assist others searching for their runaway slaves.

Another notable thing about William is that he fathered triplets! All three babies were born healthy, which seems impressive for the 1700s.

The Colonial Williamsburg website has a page dedicated to William, which you can view here.


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Line of descent:

William Holt 1730-1791
William Holt 1765-1820
John Holt 1792-1872
Jesse Payton Holt 1833-1922
Maria Druzilla Holt 1861-1946
Lucia Naomi Scoville 1889-1958

Alice Zemp 1925-2000

(LUKE) R. O. Luke and the Miracle Cure

Every generation has its snake oil cures.

Richard Osmer Luke, my great grandfather, was featured in a

testimonial in a 1930 newspaper. “‘Wonderful!’ Thousands Say of New Sargon,” it began.

According to the advertisement, after taking multiple bottles of Sargon Luke noticed incredible bodily improvements:

“The pains in my…leg have entirely disappeared! … my nerves have been strengthened. I enjoy sound, refreshing sleep, and my whole system is…built up and invigorated.”

“Sargon Pills straightened out my liver, cleansed my system of poison [and] regulated me perfectly.”

“I feel like a different man.”

“My wife is as happy as a child over my wonderful improvement!”

Most of these pronouncements are suspect, but perhaps Sargon did assist regularity: one of its primary ingredients was a laxative. The other was grain alcohol.

Despite its popularity, the medical cure-all was essentially a fraud.

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Line of descent:
Richard Osmer Luke, 1870-1938
Russell Victor Luke, 1905-1996

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Notes:
- Newspaper article from The Salt Lake Tribune, May 18, 1930, page 11, available at myheritage.com
- Some of the Sargon information is from https://raycityhistory.wordpress.com/tag/sargon/

(SCOFIELD) Sex, drugs, and on parole - Maud Cheshire's teenage travails

Teenagers can be a lot of work. George Cheshire, my husband’s 3^rd-great grandfather, certainly knew that.

At 15, his daughter Maud ran away from home, possessed of the “childish notion that married life [was] absolutely necessary to her existence.”¹ Fortunately, she was discovered before she was able to leave Utah for Montana, where she was supposed to meet her paramour. She “sassed her aged father,” however, and refused to return home. George asked the police to intervene, charging that Maud’s associates were “questionable, to say the least.”²

For her part, Maud alleged “that her stepmother treats her cruelly, often striking her with a walking stick.” Maud’s brother told police that she “had always been inclined to run wild”; her father seemed to agree--rather than denying her charges of corporal punishment, he said she deserved it.³

Five days after running away Maud was arrested. Two days later, she went to court “and pleaded guilty to the charge of residing in a house of prostitution.” Calling her associates “questionable” was evidently an extreme understatement. Maud’s sentence was suspended when an aunt agreed to take charge of her, and Maud “promised to do better.”⁴

Promises, promises.

Two months later, Maud was arrested again. She and another girl were picked up in a rooming house, located above a saloon⁵, on charges of prostitution. The detective “testified that the girls bore a bad reputation, and had been in the hands of the police on several occasions on similar charges.”⁶ The girls admitted that “two gentlemen” had rented the room for them.

The judge remanded Maud to the state reform school and Maud “clapped her hands in glee.” She explained that she “had lots of friends there.”⁷

After 3 or 4 years’ incarceration (at the school), Maud was paroled.⁸  Whether through conformity or discretion, she kept her name out of the papers for almost a decade, with the exception of a brief notice that she was getting married.⁹

Unfortunately, matrimony did not make it easier for Maud to abide family life or social conventions. After 7 years of marriage, her husband filed for divorce.

Her husband alleged that during their married life, she had “become accustomed to the use of drugs and that she also…acquired the habit of entertaining other men.”¹⁰ One night, “when he came home at midnight…his wife was entertaining another man and…when he remonstrated against such action she struck him with her fist and threatened to carve him with a knife.”¹¹

The divorce was quickly granted.

Maud didn’t have long to regret or rejoice in her return to singleness. Nine months later, she died of a heart condition, worsened by morphine use. She was 28 years old.

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Line of descent:

George Cheshire, 1822-1908 (Maud's father, mentioned in the article)

Thomas Cheshire, 1843-1925

George Cheshire, 1873-1935

Clara Lavon Cheshire, 1915-2007

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Notes: 

1 - Salt Lake Herald, 17 Oct 1899, page 3

2 - Salt Lake Herald, 19 Oct 1899, page 5

3 - Salt Lake Herald, 19 Oct 1899, page 5

4 - Salt Lake Tribune, 24 Oct 1899, page 5

5 - Salt Lake Herald, 28 Dec 1899, page 3

6 - Salt Lake Herald, 14 Jan 1900, page 5

7 - Salt Lake Herald, 29 Dec 1899, page 5

8 - Salt Lake Tribune, 13 Sep 1903, page 3

9 - Salt Lake Herald, 29 Sep 1904 or 1905, page 5

10 - Evening Standard, 3 Sep 1912, page 9

11 - Evening Standard, 3 Sep 1912, page 9

These newspapers are all available at either digitalnewspapers.org or myheritage.com.

(ROBERTS) Diana, "a beautiful baby"

Diana, Dolores, and John Roberts, about 1945

Dolores Mae Peters married John Curtis Roberts when she was 16. At 17, she had her first baby, Diana Gale Roberts. John was in the army, so Diana was born in Savannah, Georgia, where he was stationed, rather than in Missouri or Kansas, where John's and Dolores's families lived. 

While recovering in the hospital, Dolores wrote a letter to her mother, Eva Irene Laws Peters. In her letter, Dolores mentions that she was awake for the entire process. At the time, women were routinely put under for childbirth, awaking with a new baby and no memory of the delivery. Dolores's experience was somewhat unique.

Below is a full transcription of Dolores's letter, followed by scans of the letter itself.

140 Dunrobin Drive

Cherokee Homes

Pt. Wentworth, Ga.

September 11, 1944

My dearest Mother,
Well, here I am in the hospital, Diana was born on September 10 at 6:00 a.m. I am at Hunter Field. It is the other air base in Savannah. My labor pains started at 2:30 a.m. Sunday and at 6:00 a.m. Sunday she was born. They didn’t have time to get me to sleep. I was awake during the whole time. The doctor and nurses told me I was an excellent patient as I didn’t make a bit of noise. It certainly hurt though when she was coming out and when they were sewing me inside. They think she is a beautiful baby. She has dark brown hair, blue eyes, fair complexion, round face, and a dimple in her chin. She weighed 6 lbs and 11 oz. John is certainly proud. Right after they brought me to my room he came in to see me and he was smiling from ear to ear. I have a very nice room-mate. Her name is Mrs. Braasch. She has a baby boy born on Sept. 7. He weighed
the same as Diana. He is longer than she, but not as fat. John was so excited that he put she was born at 5:15 a.m. instead of 6:00. I feel fine. I hope it does not turn hot while I am here. It was cool yesterday and is so far today. After I get out I will tell you what our meals consisted of. All we have to pay for is diaper service. The rest is all free.
I’ll close for now. I wish you could see Diana. Tell Betty & Pat hello. I’ll
probably not write them until after I get out of the hospital.
With lots & lots of love & kisses,
Dolores, John, and Diana

(SMITH) The Slave that Got Away

In 1783, William Holt owned 21 slaves—more than any other Williamsburg resident at the time. If the British Army had cooperated, he would have owned 22.¹

During the American Revolution, the British commander-in-chief² hoped to weaken the American economy³ via the Philipsburg Proclamation, which proclaimed freedom to all slaves owned by American patriots and promised protection to slaves who left their masters.⁴ Thousands of slaves escaped to the British lines.⁵

Accordingly, one condition of the Treaty of Paris, which ended the War, prohibited the retreating British from “carrying away any Negroes or other property of the American Inhabitants.”⁷

General George Washington met with the British to discuss implementation of the treaty terms. Washington reminded them of the importance of returning “all Negroes and other property” to the Americans. The British general, Carleton, said that “in his interpretation, the term property meant property owned by Americans at the time the treaty was signed,” and therefore excluded slaves who had absconded to British lines during the war.⁸

The Americans were not pleased, but the British stood by their word: they had promised freedom. Although the former slaves had run away because of the Philipsburg Proclamation, Carleton noted that “the Negroes in question” had escaped before he arrived in New York as commander-in-chief. “I had therefore no right, as I thought, to prevent their going to any part of the world they thought proper.”⁹

Some of the former slaves were evacuated to the Canadian "part of the world." Among those bound for Port Roseway, Nova Scotia was Hannah Jackson, age 12, a “fine girl. Formerly the property of William Holt of Williamsburgh, Virginia.”¹⁰

William Holt would simply have to make do with 21 slaves.

**I am NOT condoning slavery, merely reporting history. And for the record, I think it's great that the British kept their word. 

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Line of descent:

William Holt 1730-1791

William Holt 1765-1820

John Holt 1792-1872

Jesse Payton Holt 1833-1922

Maria Druzilla Holt 1861-1946

Lucia Naomi Scoville 1889-1958

Alice Zemp 1925-2000

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Notes: 

1 - Thad W. Tate, Jr., “The Negro in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg,” Colonial Williamsburg Digital Library, research.history.org

2 - “American Revolution: General Sir Henry Clinton,” http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/americanrevolutio1/p/hclinton.htm, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

3 - Black Loyalists, “The Philipsburg Proclamation, http://blackloyalist.com/cdc/story/revolution/philipsburg.htm, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

4 - Wikipedia, “Philipsburg Proclamation,” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipsburg_Proclamation, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

5 - Wikipedia, “Philipsburg Proclamation,” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipsburg_Proclamation, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

7 - Black Loyalist, “Treaty of Paris,” http://www.blackloyalist.info/treaty-of-paris/, accessed 29 Apr 2015

8 - Black Loyalist, “Evacuation of New York,” http://www.blackloyalist.info/evacuation-of-new-york/, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

9 - Black Loyalist, “Evacuation of New York,” http://www.blackloyalist.info/evacuation-of-new-york/, Accessed 29 Apr 2015. Same reference for entire paragraph.

10 - Black Loyalist, “The Book of Negroes – Transcript,” http://www.blackloyalist.info/sourceimagesdisplaypage/transcript/15, Accessed 29 Apr 2015

(LUKE) Alexander Garrick, Boiler Maker

Alexander Garrick joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in his native Scotland in 1849, at the age of 18. He emigrated to New York in 1865, continuing on to Salt Lake City in 1878.

After a decade in Salt Lake, Alexander and a partner opened a boilermaker business, Garrick & Holmes. 

This photo was taken years after Alexander's death, hence
"Garrick & Holmes" has been changed to "Samuel Holmes"
[from Shipler Commercial Photographers Collection,
Utah Division of State History website]

They made boilers, water tanks, smoke stacks, and other iron works, promising good work at reasonable prices.

125 years later, the advertisement for their new business is again accessible.

from Salt Lake City, Utah, City Directory, 1893, p. 10
ancestry.com

Their desire to “gain a share of public patronage” was apparently successful: the boiler works remained in business on South Temple Street for at least thirty years.

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Line of descent:
Alexander Garrick (1831-1893)
Effie Clara Garrick (1883-1966)
Jennie Constance Adamson (1903-1975)
Zenda Constance Lang (1924-2005)

(SCOFIELD) Sitting Out the Civil War

Jesse Arthur Bynum Reid came from a

Jesse Arthur Bynum Reid

family of small landholders and tenant farmers in North Carolina. Not surprisingly, they harvested cotton and tobacco. At the beginning of the Civil War, Jesse headed a family of seven. His wife had several more children during and after the war.

Whether for duty, honor, lucre, or some other motivator, Jesse enlisted in the Confederate army in March 1862, joining Company K of the 12th North Carolina Infantry Regiment. Digital records shed little light on Jesse's military participation that year. Documents from 1863 are more revealing.

On May 2, 1863, Jesse was admitted to General Hospital #9 in Richmond, Virginia. Richmond was the capital of the Confederacy, and also the South's largest hospital center. Because of its proximity to the railroad depot, #9 was a receiving hospital. Patients were admitted, assessed, and typically sent elsewhere.

Jesse was processed in good time: on the same day he was transferred to Chimborazo Hospital, also in Richmond.

Chimborazo was a convalescent hospital: its patients were typically sick, not wounded. It was the largest Richmond hospital. Jesse was one of 3,550 men admitted to Chimborazo in May 1863; 75,000 patients were admitted during the 3 1/2 years of the hospital's existence.

 Chimborazo Hospital, the "hospital on the hill."
from http://www.nps.gov/rich/learn/historyculture/chimborazo.htm

Chimborazo had five divisions, organized by State. Jesse was assigned to Chimborazo 3, with other men from North Carolina. The idea was apparently to throw together men from the same troops, who were then cared for by attendants from their own states. The State divisions also simplified mail delivery.

Jesse did not remain in Chimborazo 3 for long. A few days after his admittance, Jesse was transferred again. On May 7, he was sent to Lynchburg.

Lynchburg was the second largest hospital center in the Confederacy. At the busiest times, Lynchburg was home to more hospital patients than city residents! At any given time, 32 local hospitals cared for 3,000-4,000 soldiers. Eighteen of the hospitals were converted tobacco warehouses. When emptied, these large warehouses made great hospital wards. Statistically, chances are good that Jesse resided in a tobacco warehouse hospital.

Lynchburg tobacco warehouse
http://www.lynchburgonline.com/tobwrhse.jpg

Muster rolls state that Jesse was absent, sick at the hospital, throughout the summer of 1863. He might have remained at Lynchburg, or he might have been transferred somewhere else.

Civil War hospital
http://civilwarbaptists.com/thisdayinhistory/1861-december-05/attachment/hospitalinterior/ 

By October, he was apparently at Camp Winder (also called Winder Hospital) back in Richmond. Winder Hospital seems to have been well regulated. The hospital had 98 buildings, from necessities, such as employee barracks, cook-houses, and bathhouses, to basic amenities, like a large library and recreation facilities, that made hospital life more pleasant. Winder Hospital also provided regular transportation service to the downtown area and had its own river and canal boats. In this environment, less comfortable than home but superior to the field, Jesse spent his second year of enlistment.

On December 21, 1863, Jesse's war service, as it was, came to an end. After apparently 8 months of convalescing in hospitals, he was discharged for disability.

Discharge and final payment information 

Were it not for his disability, Jesse would have seen action in two spectacular battles. While he was being admitted to the hospital on May 2, the rest of his regiment was 65 miles away fighting the battle of Chancellorsville, which is considered Robert E. Lee's greatest victory of the entire war. While Jesse continued on at the hospital in July, his company engaged in the most famous Civil War battle: Gettysburg.

How Jesse might have felt about sitting out most of the Civil War I don't know. His feelings about the Confederate commander, however, seem to be pretty clear. Five years after the war ended Jesse had another son: Robert Lee Reid.


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Line of descent: 
Jesse Arthur Bynum Reid (1829-1875)
John Parry Reid (1853-1936)
Claudia Helen Reid (1889-1961)
Guy Wixon Scofield (1913-1984)